Spring Cloud Alibaba 环境搭建_倾听铃的声_springcloudalibaba搭建

irpas 02-07 6524

一、分布式环境搭建

1. 创建父级 Spring Boot 项目

pom.xml

2. 新建两个模块

新建子模块时最好新建 Maven 项目，因为可以设置父项目。如果新建 Spring Boot Initializr 则默认父项目是 spring-boot-starter-parent

这里以订单模块（order）和仓库模块（stock）为例

假设仓库模块为生产者，订单模块为调用者。当调用订单模块时，订单模块调用仓库模块，使库存减一

项目结构如下：

具体文件：

pom.xml （两个模块的 pom.xml 几乎相同）

StockApplication.java

package com.pushihao; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class StockApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StockApplication.class, args); } }

?StockController.java

package com.pushihao.controller; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; @RestController @RequestMapping("/stock") public class StockController { @GetMapping("reduct") public String reduct() { System.out.println("库存减一"); return "success!"; } }

OrderApplication.java

package com.pushihao; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @SpringBootApplication public class OrderApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderApplication.class, args); } @Bean public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder builder) { return builder.build(); } }

OrderController.java

package com.pushihao.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @RestController @RequestMapping("/order") public class OrderController { @Autowired private RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("add") public String add() { System.out.println("订单加一"); //result为返回结果 String result = restTemplate.getForObject("http://localhost:9001/stock/reduct", String.class); return "success!"; } }

至此，一个简单的分布式环境就搭建好了，使用浏览器调用?http://localhost:9002/order/add?就可以看到结果

二、Spring Cloud Alibaba 环境搭建

可以直接在原有的分布式环境上直接引用 Spring Cloud Alibaba 即可

项目结构如下：

1. 导入 Spring Cloud Alibaba 和 Spring Cloud 的坐标

注意：版本号一定要选对（按照要求）参考?版本说明

稳定版本依赖关系

组件版本关系（一般由Spring Cloud Alibaba 版本管理器直接控制，我们不用关心）?

这里使用最新稳定版即可?

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.pushihao</groupId> <artifactId>test</artifactId> <packaging>pom</packaging> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <modules> <module>order</module> <module>stock</module> <module>order-nacos</module> <module>stock-nacos</module> </modules> <name>test</name> <description>test</description> <properties> <java.version>11</java.version> <spring.boot.version>2.3.12.RELEASE</spring.boot.version> <spring.cloud.version>Hoxton.SR12</spring.cloud.version> <spring.cloud.alibaba.version>2.2.7.RELEASE</spring.cloud.alibaba.version> </properties> <dependencyManagement> <dependencies>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>${spring.boot.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring.cloud.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency>  <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-alibaba-dependencies</artifactId> <version>${spring.cloud.alibaba.version}</version> <type>pom</type> <scope>import</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> </dependencyManagement> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build> </project>

2.1 新建 stock-nacos 模块

pom.xml

application.yml

server: port: 9001 spring: application: name: stock-service cloud: nacos: server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 discovery: username: nacos password: nacos cluster-name: public

StockNacosApplication.java

package com.pushihao; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; @SpringBootApplication public class StockNacosApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(StockNacosApplication.class, args); } }

StockController.java

2.2 新建 order-nacos 模块

pom.xml

application.yml

server: port: 9001 spring: application: name: order-service cloud: nacos: server-addr: 127.0.0.1:8848 discovery: username: nacos password: nacos namespace: public # ephemeral: false #是否是临时实例默认是true（临时实例）永久实例：哪怕宕机了也不会删除实例

OrderNacosApplication.java

package com.pushihao; import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication; import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication; import org.springframework.boot.web.client.RestTemplateBuilder; import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced; import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @SpringBootApplication public class OrderNacosApplication { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(OrderNacosApplication.class, args); } //加上@LoadBalanced就配上了默认的负载均衡器Ribbon @Bean @LoadBalanced public RestTemplate restTemplate(RestTemplateBuilder restTemplateBuilder) { return restTemplateBuilder.build(); } }

OrderController.java

package com.pushihao.controller; import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController; import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate; @RestController @RequestMapping("/order") public class OrderController { @Autowired RestTemplate restTemplate; @GetMapping("add") public String add() { System.out.println("下单成功"); //这里就可以把IP地址替换成对应的服务名，调用时就会启用默认的负载均衡机制 String msg = restTemplate.getForObject("http://stock-service/stock/reduct", String.class); return "success!"; } }

至此 Spring Cloud Alibaba 环境就搭建完毕了

依次启动 nacos 服务器、stock-nacos、order-nacos

成功！

三、使用 Aliyun Java Initializr 快速构建

不过更多情况下，都是使用 Idea 工具进行快速构建，如下：

以上！