震动效果调研 - iOS_番茄巧克力_ios 震动效果

网络投稿 02-07 5944

一、震动需要的权限

二、震动参数

总结：

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一、震动需要的权限

在手机设置中，有一个声音与触感的选项，选项中有两个震动权限

二、震动参数

第一种方法：全版本通用的震动，通过苹果私有API实现

在需要的类中导入 #import <AudioToolbox/AudioToolbox.h> 在所需要的地方添加参数 // 1.长震动方法 AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(kSystemSoundID_Vibrate); // 2.普通短振（3D Touch 中 Peek 震动反馈） AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(1519); // 3.普通短振（3D Touch 中 Pop 震动反馈） AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(1520); // 4.连续三次震动 AudioServicesPlaySystemSound(1521);

注：?在使用长震动的时候，需要同时打开两个震动权限，只打开其中的一个无效的。其他三种震动不管打开还是关闭，震动均有效。

第二种方法：在iOS10以后，苹果新增了一套震动反馈API，但仅支持iPhone7之后有虚拟home键的设备

有五种参数的形式：

UIImpactFeedbackStyleLightUIImpactFeedbackStyleMediumUIImpactFeedbackStyleHeavyUIImpactFeedbackStyleSoft API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0))UIImpactFeedbackStyleRigid API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0)) if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) { UIImpactFeedbackGenerator *r = [[UIImpactFeedbackGenerator alloc] initWithStyle:UIImpactFeedbackStyleLight]; [r prepare]; [r impactOccurred]; } else { // Fallback on earlier versions }

注：?这五种参数形式的震动方法，不管开关是否打开，震动均有效。

第三种方法：通过UINotificationFeedbackGenerator来实现

有三种参数形式：

UINotificationFeedbackTypeSuccessUINotificationFeedbackTypeWarningUINotificationFeedbackTypeError if (@available(iOS 10.0, *)) { UINotificationFeedbackGenerator *r = [[UINotificationFeedbackGenerator alloc] init]; [r notificationOccurred:UINotificationFeedbackTypeWarning]; } else { // Fallback on earlier versions }

注：?这三种参数形式的震动方法，不管开关是否打开，震动均有效。

第四种震动方法：通过使用Core Haptics框架来实现

Core Haptics简介：Core Haptics使您可以向应用程序添加自定义的触觉和音频反馈。使用触觉，通过触觉和音频反馈吸引用户并增强动作，从而与用户进行身体互动。该框架包含音频和振动反馈，可以控制振动的强度，频率，时间等。无论您选择生成自定义触觉的哪种构建块，都可以控制其强度和尖锐度（intensity and sharpness）。强度会改变触觉的幅度或力度。尖锐度使您可以确定触觉体验的特征。

CHHapticEngineCHHapticPatternCHHapticEvent

主要有以下四种枚举：

typedef NSString *CHHapticEventType NS_TYPED_ENUM; CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventType CHHapticEventTypeHapticTransient API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventType CHHapticEventTypeHapticContinuous API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventType CHHapticEventTypeAudioContinuous API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventType CHHapticEventTypeAudioCustom API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);

分别表示震动短暂的，可连续的；音频可连续的，通常的。

==注：==可连续一定要使用包含duration这个方法。

// 任意长度 event = [[CHHapticEvent alloc] initWithEventType:CHHapticEventTypeHapticContinuous parameters:@[parameter1, parameter2] relativeTime:0 duration:2]; CHHapticEventParameter CHHapticEventParameterID 用于修改单个触觉和/或音频事件的参数。 typedef NSString *CHHapticEventParameterID NS_TYPED_ENUM; CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDHapticIntensity API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDHapticSharpness API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDAttackTime API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDDecayTime API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDReleaseTime API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDSustained API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDAudioVolume API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDAudioPitch API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDAudioPan API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticEventParameterID CHHapticEventParameterIDAudioBrightness API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CHHapticDynamicParameterID 用于动态修改模式内所有触觉或音频事件的参数。 CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDHapticIntensityControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDHapticSharpnessControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDHapticAttackTimeControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDHapticDecayTimeControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDHapticReleaseTimeControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDAudioVolumeControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDAudioPanControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDAudioBrightnessControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDAudioPitchControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDAudioAttackTimeControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDAudioDecayTimeControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos); CH_EXPORT CHHapticDynamicParameterID CHHapticDynamicParameterIDAudioReleaseTimeControl API_AVAILABLE(ios(13.0), macos(10.15), tvos(14.0), macCatalyst(13.0)) API_UNAVAILABLE(watchos);

最终使用：

/// 添加振动 - (void)addFeedback { NSError *error = nil; self.engine = [[CHHapticEngine alloc] initAndReturnError:&error]; DataModel *model = [DataModel shareInstance]; /// 强度 CHHapticEventParameter *parameter1 = [[CHHapticEventParameter alloc] initWithParameterID:CHHapticEventParameterIDHapticIntensity value:model.strengthIndex]; /// 频率 CHHapticEventParameter *parameter2 = [[CHHapticEventParameter alloc] initWithParameterID:CHHapticEventParameterIDHapticSharpness value:model.frequency]; CHHapticEvent *event; if ([model.type isEqualToString:@"1"]) { // 任意长度 event = [[CHHapticEvent alloc] initWithEventType:CHHapticEventTypeHapticContinuous parameters:@[parameter1, parameter2] relativeTime:0 duration:[model.time floatValue]]; }else { // 短暂 event = [[CHHapticEvent alloc] initWithEventType:CHHapticEventTypeHapticTransient parameters:@[parameter1, parameter2] relativeTime:0]; } CHHapticPattern *patten = [[CHHapticPattern alloc] initWithEvents:@[event] parameterCurves:@[] error:&error]; id player = [self.engine createPlayerWithPattern:patten error:&error]; [self.engine startAndReturnError:&error]; [player startAtTime:0 error:&error]; }

注：?这里CHHapticEngine一定要是全局变量，如果是局部，会导致用完释放，下次点击没有声音。

还可以将样式编写在AHAP文件中，通过读取URL进行震动效果。

例如：

{ "Pattern": [ { "Event": { "Time": 0.0, "EventType": "HapticTransient", "EventParameters": [ { "ParameterID": "HapticIntensity", "ParameterValue": 0.8 }, { "ParameterID": "HapticSharpness", "ParameterValue": 0.4 } ] } }, { "Event": { "Time": 0.015, "EventType": "HapticContinuous", "EventDuration": 0.25, "EventParameters": [ { "ParameterID": "HapticIntensity", "ParameterValue": 0.8 }, { "ParameterID": "HapticSharpness", "ParameterValue": 0.4 } ] } }, { "ParameterCurve": { "ParameterID": "HapticIntensityControl", "Time": 0.015, "ParameterCurveControlPoints": [ { "Time": 0, "ParameterValue": 1 }, { "Time": 0.1, "ParameterValue": 0.5 }, { "Time": 0.25, "ParameterValue": 0.0 } ] } }, { "ParameterCurve": { "ParameterID": "HapticSharpnessControl", "Time": 0.015, "ParameterCurveControlPoints": [ { "Time": 0, "ParameterValue": 0.0 }, { "Time": 0.25, "ParameterValue": -0.3 } ] } } ] }

调用AHAP实现发现震动代码：

- (void)readFileShake { NSError *error = nil; if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) { self.engineTest = [[CHHapticEngine alloc] initAndReturnError:&error]; NSString *musicFilePath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:@"Drums" ofType:@"ahap"]; NSURL *url = [[NSURL alloc]initFileURLWithPath:musicFilePath]; if ([self.engineTest playPatternFromURL:url error:&error]) { [self.engineTest startAndReturnError:&error]; } } else { // Fallback on earlier versions } } 总结：

综合以上三种方法：目前推荐方案3，针对ios10以上的版本生效此功能

Demo地址

参考文档：苹果官方文档??????